The focus of the book spanned social and scientific schools of thought. The author worked to integrate knowledge found in scientific observations to create a parallel with current social constructs to support the following points:

1. Darwin's theory of sexual selection is inaccurate due to numerous counterexamples found in nature.

2. Presents a theory of social selection, stating that gender roles and sexuality can be seen as adaptations promoting cooperation in complex societies.

3. The diversity in nature is reflective of the diversity found in humans.

4. Current schools of thought, regarding homosexuality and transgender behavior, need to be re-examined in consideration of recent biological findings involving diverse populations in nature.

5. In many cultures, transgendered people are accepted, included, and even honored. Americans should be as enlightened when it comes to interacting with transgendered individuals.